Reuters

Caracas

President Nicolas Maduro’s government announced arrests of both store managers and looters on Sunday as part of what it calls an “economic war” in Venezuela between the socialist state and unscrupulous businessmen.

In a major pre-Christmas campaign reminiscent of the late Hugo Chavez’s dramatic style, Maduro has sent soldiers to “occupy” one chain of electronics stores and inspectors into scores of others to check for price-gouging.

Thousands of Venezuelans have been flocking to electronics stores, hoping to take advantage of new “fair prices” the government is imposing, sometimes half the previous cost.

However, scenes of looting on Saturday at a store belonging to the occupied electronics chain, Daka, have left many Venezuelans ashamed and fuelled opposition claims that Maduro is stirring chaos rather than defending the poor.

Authorities announced that five managers, from the local Daka, JVG and Krash companies, would be prosecuted on charges of unjustified price increases after importing products with dollars obtained at the official exchange rate of 6.3 bolivars.

Officials have displayed for cameras televisions, washing-machines and air-conditioning units whose prices they say have been jacked up 1,000% or more by get-rich-quick businessmen.

Many shop owners justify this year’s spiralling prices - annual inflation has hit 54% - by saying they are forced to buy greenbacks for imports on an illegal black market at nearly 10 times the official rate.

Five people accused of looting Daka’s store in the central city of Valencia have also been arrested, the Attorney General’s office said in a statement.

Some Twitter users circulated more images on Sunday of crowds and jostling outside some shops around Venezuela.

But there appeared to be no more outright looting as was seen in Valencia, where dozens of people were caught on camera running out of the Daka outlet with flat-screen TVs and boxes.

In a speech to the nation on Sunday night, Maduro promised there would be no let-up in what he called an “economic offensive” against Venezuela’s “bourgeois parasites.”

Maduro said he would use decree powers that Congress is expected to grant him this week to set legal limits on businesses’ profit-margins.

“Zero tolerance with speculators,” he thundered, flanked by most of his Cabinet and quoting biblical, Koranic and Taoist exhortations against usury and materialism.

Food, textile, footwear, hardware, toy and vehicle businesses would be targeted this week to check for price-gouging, Maduro said in the latest of his lengthy daily speeches, this one winding up just before midnight.

Seven months after Maduro narrowly beat opposition leader Henrique Capriles at a presidential election to replace his mentor Chavez, Venezuela is once again consumed by bitter politicking ahead of local municipal elections next month.

At the heart of the campaign is who takes the blame for the country’s economic problems: price rises that are hitting the poor majority hard despite the government’s oil-fuelled subsidies and welfare programs, shortages of basic products from toilet paper to milk, and a convoluted currency market.

Former bus-driver Maduro, 50, is calculating that his attacks on private businessmen will appeal to his working-class support base.

But critics say the government has only itself to blame for the problems due to excessive state controls, persecution of the private sector, corruption, failed nationalisations and lack of foreign currency for importers.

Capriles, the 40-year-old governor of Miranda state, and other opposition leaders are urging Venezuelans to punish Maduro’s mayoral candidates at the Dec. 8 nationwide vote.

They hope that may be a prelude to his exit from power, though unless Maduro were to resign, the only constitutional tactic the opposition has is a recall referendum in 2016.

“It’s clearer and clearer every day that Maduro is a failed puppet of the Cuban government,” Capriles fumed on Sunday. “Every time he opens his mouth, he scares away the investments that create employment and he worsens the crisis.”

While plenty of economists believe Venezuela is in a mess, with foreign exchange reforms urgently overdue, they also point out that the South American nation has the world’s largest oil reserves with ample capacity to repay its debt.

An increasing number of Venezuelans of all political persuasions are fed up with the continued polarization of their nation after 14 years of aggressive confrontations under Chavez, who died of cancer in March.

“I’m past caring if we have a socialist, capitalist or Martian in power. He can be a bus-driver or a bourgeois. I just want competence and calm,” said Andreina Gonzalez, a 41-year-old housewife, leaving a Roman Catholic church in Caracas where prayers were said for the state of the nation on Sunday morning.

“This is one of the most beautiful and resource-rich countries on earth. Why are we all messing it up?”

Illustrating that disenchantment, ratings for both Maduro and Capriles have fallen since the April poll, when just 1.5 percentage points or about 210,000 votes separated them.

Among the raft of new government measures announced in the last few days, Venezuela’s telecoms regulator Conatel said at the weekend it would require eight local internet providers to block websites publishing black market currency prices.