Activists march near the house of Philippine President Benigno Aquino with an effigy depicting Aquino as a monster, in Manila yesterday.

AFP/Manila

President Benigno Aquino 3rd addresses Congress for the last time today, racing to secure fragile legacies of peace in the war-torn South and a stronger economy.
Aquino will make his final State of the Nation Address with his political clout fading and struggling to choose a successor for next year’s elections that would continue with his agendas, analysts said.
A peace treaty with the country’s largest Muslim rebel group, aimed at ending decades of fighting that has claimed 120,000 lives, is in peril as a draft law granting self-rule to the Muslim minority is stalled in Congress.
Meanwhile, economic growth slowed to a three-year low of 5.2% in the first quarter.
“He is entering his lameduck phase and he’s losing influence by the day,” said Ramon Casiple, executive director of the Institute for Political and Electoral Reform.
“He should use his remaining political capital and tell Congress to pass the BBL,” he added, referring to the draft Bangsamoro Basic Law that would create the autonomous Muslim region in Mindanao and is the centrepiece of the peace plan.
The measure has languished in Congress because of outrage over the deaths of 44 police commandos in an encounter with Islamic rebels, including from the main Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), in January this year.
Aquino is indeed expected to urge lawmakers today to quickly pass the law, the main barrier to implementing the peace pact, according to his advisers.
If he does succeed in achieving peace with the MILF, it would be one of the most important legacies of his presidency, according to Casiple and other analysts.
A stronger economy is the potential major legacy for Aquino, although it is more tenuous as it will be dependent on whether his successor will continue with his reforms.
In the Philippines, Presidents can only serve a single six-year term, so Aquino is banking on anointing a successor who can entrench and expand on his administration’s work.
Much of his economic reforms have centred on tackling massive corruption that has for decades held back the economy.
Aquino has had notable successes, with the Philippines earning investor grade credit ratings for the first time and overseeing some of the strongest economic growth rates in Asia before this year’s slowdown.
“But it’s a fragile legacy, in the sense that it takes longer than a six-year term for anti-corruption measures to stick,” said Jonathan Ravelas, chief market strategist at BDO Unibank.
One of the big themes of Aquino’s address is expected to be a call to the nation to choose the right successor to press on with his anti-graft campaign.
“In less than a year, the Filipino will again be at a crossroads,” he said in a speech last week, while inspecting a new dam project, that he is expected to echo today.
“My only advice: Pick a leader who will be true to his promise, not someone with empty promises, not someone who will take advantage of you or steal from you.”
The problem is, with 10 months before the elections, Aquino himself cannot yet even choose his candidate.
His preferred choice has long been seen as interior secretary Manuel Roxas 2nd, his longtime ally, family friend, Liberal Party stalwart and reliable economic administrator.
But Roxas is languishing in surveys and there is a strong chance he would be easily beaten by the opposition’s charismatic leader, vice president Jejomar Binay. In the 2010 elections, Binay crushed Roxas in their contest for the vice presidency.
Aquino’s other choice is first-term senator Grace Poe, who owes her immense popularity to being the daughter of famed, deceased movie star Fernando Poe Jr.
Her father lost the 2004 presidential elections in controversial circumstances, with his camp insisting Gloria Arroyo stole one million votes that cost him victory.
But while popular and widely regarded for her personal honesty, Poe has relatively little political experience and is not even a member of Aquino’s Liberal Party.
“If I had my way, I [would have] announced my choice yesterday,” an exasperated Aquino said last week when asked about who he wanted to succeed him.
Capitalising on the uncertainty is Binay, a former Aquino ally who in recent months faced a barrage of corruption allegations that have raised concerns about the nation’s path under his helm.
Either way, Aquino faces a gamble, according to Ateneo de Manila University political science professor Benito Lim.
“If Aquino endorses a loser, everything he worked for will go to waste,” Lim said. AFP
Aquino in his first Sona in 2010, enumerated seven proposed measures that he wanted Congress to treat as priorities.
In 2010, Aquino requested Congress to work on passage of fiscal responsibility bill, amendments to the procurement reform law, anti-trust bill, national land use bill, national defence act and whistleblowers act; and strengthening of the Witness Protection Program.
Five years later, only the anti-trust law, which aims to enforce a national competition policy prohibiting anti-competitive agreements, abuse of dominant position and anti-competitive mergers and acquisitions, was enacted.
The proposed bill amending Republic Act 9184 or the government procurement reform act is pending before the senate committee on constitutional amendments and revisions of law headed by senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago.
Senate Bills 433 filed by senator Francis Escudero, SB 478 by Antonio Trillanes 4th and SB 782 by senator Jose Jinggoy Estrada remain pending at the committee level.
The senate committee on environment and natural resources is still studying three bills on national land use, authored by senators Loren Legarda, Gregorio Honasan and Escudero.
The bill seeks to institutionalise a national land use policy to ensure a rational, holistic and just allocation, utilization, management and development of the country’s land resources.
Senators Juan Edgardo Angara and Joseph Victor Ejercito filed SB 1932 and SB 1614 respectively or the whistleblowers protection, security and benefit act of 2013 that seeks to provide protection, security and benefits to whistleblowers.
Congress was not able to pass a national defense act but managed to pass republic Act 10349 or the revised AFP (Armed Forces of the Philippines) Modernization Act, which extends the modernization program to another 15 years with an initial budget of P75 billion for the first five years in order to continue upgrading all military branches.
The Senate passed Senate Bill 2269, which aims to relax a provision of the AFP Modernization Act on the purchase of major equipment or weapon systems.
But Congress was able to pass five proposed general appropriations act from 2010 to 2015, sin tax reform act, Reproductive Health law, enhanced basic education act or the K plus 12, mandatory PhilHealth coverage for senior citizens, increase in tax exemption of the 13th month pay and other bonuses amendments to the Anti-Money Laundering Act and cybercrime law.