AFP
Strasbourg
EU Commission chief Jean-Claude Juncker has unveiled major plans to force the bloc to share 160,000 refugees and ease the burden on border states from the worst migration crisis since World War II.
As pressure mounted for an emergency EU summit on the issue, German Chancellor Angela Merkel urged the bloc to go even further, calling for a distribution of migrants with no limits on actual numbers.
Underscoring the difficulties transit countries such as Hungary face, at least 400 desperate migrants broke through police lines at the flashpoint town of Roszke on Hungary’s southern border with Serbia, yelling “No camp!” as they scattered in all directions.
With Greece, Hungary and Italy struggling to cope, Juncker urged Europe to look to its history and not be afraid of his “bold” proposals for compulsory quotas for a surge in mainly Syrian refugees fleeing conflict.
“Now is not the time to take fright, it is time for bold, determined action for the European Union,” Juncker said in his first EU State of the Union speech to the European Parliament in Strasbourg.
He also warned member states against making religious distinctions when deciding to admit refugees.
Merkel – whose country expects 800,000 asylum claims this year and has said it could take half a million annually over several years – said that Europe needed a binding long-term deal for the “fair” sharing of the burden.
“We need a binding agreement on the binding distribution of refugees according to fair criteria between member states,” Merkel told the Bundestag.
“We cannot just fix a ceiling and say I don’t care about anything above that,” the chancellor added.
The migrants’ plight has touched hearts around the world, spurred especially by pictures last week of three-year-old Syrian Aylan Kurdi, whose lifeless body washed up on a Turkish beach.
In response to appeals for help from an increasingly-strained Europe, Australia said that it would take an additional 12,000 refugees from the Syria and Iraq conflicts and several South American countries also agreed to help.
But in Europe, mandatory quotas have faced stiff opposition, especially from eastern EU states such as Hungary, which have seen a huge surge in migrants travelling via the Western Balkans to get to Germany.
As Merkel and Juncker were speaking, hundreds of migrants broke through police lines on the Hungary-Serbia border.
Some ran towards a nearby motorway heading to Budapest which police then closed in the latest confrontation with thousands of migrants pouring across the frontier.
“We don’t want to live any longer in the camps in Hungary or elsewhere, the conditions are horrible. It’s too cold and everything is dirty, and it smells bad,” said a young man from Damascus.
A Hungarian TV camerawoman was fired on Tuesday after footage appeared to show her kicking and tripping up migrants, including children, as they ran away from a police line during disturbances at Roszke (see report this page).
Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orban has said the country does not want more Muslim migrants.
Austrian officials said 6,000 migrants coming from Hungary passed through Vienna’s Westbahnhof train station in the 24 hours to Wednesday morning, with almost all travelling on to Germany.
Juncker urged EU interior ministers – who are meeting next Monday – to back his new plan for the relocation of 120,000 refugees from Hungary, Greece, and Italy, and a plan first floated in May to relocate 40,000 others in Italy and Greece.
“It is 160,000 that Europe has to take into their arms, this has to be done in a compulsory way,” said Juncker.
He also announced the setting up of a €1.8bn ($2bn) fund to help desperately poor sub-Saharan countries, the source of many migrants.
Berlin said meanwhile it was open to a special EU refugee summit after the ministers’ meeting and ahead of the next scheduled EU summit on October 14.
Under the Commission plan, Germany would take more than 31,000 migrants, France 24,000 and Spain almost 15,000.
France has already agreed to take that number, while Britain has said it would take 20,000 over five years, although they would come from refugee camps on the Syrian border and not other European Union states.
EU president Donald Tusk warned on Monday of an “exodus” that would likely last “for many years”.
On the Greek holiday island of Lesbos, where around 20,000 people have been waiting in squalid conditions to travel to the mainland, a new processing centre was set up on Monday which handled some 14,000 people in just over 24 hours.
Tensions were also high on other Aegean islands where another 10,000 are stuck waiting to reach the mainland.
“It was horrible the last three days ... there are no rooms, no hotels, no bathrooms, no beds, no anything,” said Hussam Hamzat, a 27-year-old engineer from Damascus who finally got his departure papers on Tuesday after an overnight wait.
More than 380,000 people have arrived in Europe by sea this year, figures from the UN’s refugee agency UNHCR showed on Tuesday, including close to 260,000 in Greece and 121,000 in Italy.
Some 85% of those coming to Europe are refugees because they have fled war in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan, the agency says.
As Australia agreed to up its quota, offers of help also came in from south America, with Venezuela saying that it would accept 20,000, Brazil declaring migrants would be welcomed with “open arms” and Chile also pledging to take “a large number”.
Canada’s Quebec province has also said it will take 3,650 this year and Washington has said it is examining how it could provide more help.

Children peer out from an overcrowded bus after disembarking with other migrants from the Greekgovernment-chartered Eleftherios Venizelos ferry in the port of Piraeus.