A delegation from Syria’s main opposition group arrived in Geneva yesterday to assess whether to join Damascus government officials in United Nations-brokered peace talks.
The 17-strong team included the head of the Saudi-backed Higher Negotiation Committee (HNC), which includes political and militant opponents of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in the country’s five-year-old civil war, an opposition spokesperson said.
The HNC has said it wants to discuss humanitarian issues including a stop to Russian and Syrian government bombing before engaging in the peace talks that started on Friday in Geneva.
Russian air strikes on Syria have killed nearly 1,400 civilians since Moscow started its aerial campaign nearly four months ago, the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, a monitoring group, said yesterday.
“We are going to Geneva to put to the test the seriousness of the international community in its promises to the Syrian people and to also test the seriousness of the regime in implementing its humanitarian obligations,” Riyad Naasan Agha said.
“We want to show the world our seriousness in moving towards negotiations to find a political solution,” he said.
French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius said yesterday the Geneva talks must ensure human rights are upheld as participants work towards a political transition in Syria.
“Humanitarian law must be respected and the objective of a political transition actively pursued to enable the talks to succeed,” Fabius said in a statement.
Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Gennady Gatilov was quoted by Russian Interfax news agency as saying that no direct talks were expected in Geneva, only proxy talks.
Gatilov, whose country has also objected to the opposition’s composition saying it included groups that it deemed as terrorist, said there were no preconditions for the Syrian talks and that Moscow welcomed the decision by Syrian opposition co-ordinator, Riad Hijab, to take part in talks in Geneva.
The United Nations earlier said the aim would be six months of talks, first seeking a ceasefire, later working toward a political settlement to a war that has killed more than 250,000 people, driven more than 10mn from their homes and drawn in global powers
German Foreign Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier told the German newspaper Welt am Sonntag: “Only at the negotiating table will it become clear if both sides are prepared to make painful compromises so that the killing stops and Syrians have a chance of a better future in their own country.”
The HNC’s demands include allowing aid convoys into rebel-held besieged areas where tens of thousands are living in dire conditions, Agha said.
Agha said the opposition delegation, including HNC head  Hijab and chief negotiator Asaad al-Zoubi, would not call for a complete cessation of hostilities but would demand an end to “the indiscriminate shelling of markets, hospitals and schools by the regime and its Russian backers”.
Russia and Syria deny targeting civilians, saying they take great care to avoid bombing residential areas.
Separately, the heavy Russian bombing campaign continued unabated in northern Syria yesterday with the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights saying the areas hit included rebel-held villages and towns in the Aleppo countryside near the border with Turkey.
Russian air strikes were also reported by the group in Hama province and in the eastern province of Deir al-Zor where scores of people were killed in the aerial attacks on Islamic State- controlled towns in the territory that also borders Iraq, according to residents.
At least 40 people, including women and children, were injured when the army shelled a camp where over 3,000 displaced people had taken shelter, according to a rebel spokesperson from the First Coastal Division brigade who spoke from the area along the Turkish border in northwestern Latakia.
Heavy clashes also continued in the Latakia countryside where the Syrian army backed by intensive Russian carpet bombing in the rugged mountainous area allowed the government to regain most of the countryside close to the coastal heartland of Assad’s Alawite sect.
In separate comments before heading to Geneva, Zoubi said they would not engage in any negotiations before goodwill measures were taken. These had to include a halt to bombing of civilian areas.
“Without concrete steps, Geneva would be futile” he said.
He said US Secretary of State John Kerry gave assurances by phone to the HNC’s leadership, saying Washington supported a UN-backed political transition period without Assad, a bone of contention among warring parties.
The HNC has also been under pressure from mainstream armed groups represented within it not to give in to Western pressure, with some rebel groups already threatening to pull out of the body.