Four Myanmar military personnel were killed and one was seriously injured after a small air force propeller plane crashed shortly after takeoff in the capital Naypyidaw on Wednesday, officials said.

The Beechcraft passenger plane, which was carrying five crew members and believed to be on a routine patrol, went down in a field near the airport.

Hundreds of people gathered in the area as officials raced to extinguish the fire and sift through the smouldering wreckage of the plane, according to an AFP reporter at the scene.

Myanmar's Ministry of Information said a deputy corporal was the only person to have survived out of the crew of five.

"(He) was sent to military hospital and the aircraft fire was extinguished by three fire trucks, according to initial reports," it said in a statement on its official Facebook page.

It also published a series of pictures of the remains of the aircraft showing just one wing intact and a thick stream of smoke rising into the air.

The plane burst into flames soon after leaving the runway, according to an airport official, who asked not to be named because the incident involved a military aircraft.

No one from Myanmar's powerful and secretive military was immediately able to comment.

Myanmar has a busy aviation sector, partly to compensate for the country's poor road and rail infrastructure.

While news of military air crashes is relatively rare, there have been several incidents involving commercial planes in recent years.

In July, an Air Bagan ATR 72 twin-engine turboprop carrying 49 passengers skidded off the runway after landing during heavy rain at Yangon International Airport.