For traders betting on a weaker yuan, the People’s Bank of China (PBoC) is turning from foe to friend.
Six months after the monetary authority intervened to crush short sellers, Bank of America Merrill Lynch, Pacific Investment Management Co and Societe Generale say the PBoC is more likely to guide the currency lower than to prop it up. Despite official pledges of exchange-rate stability last weekend, bears argue that China’s leaders are growing more comfortable with yuan weakness after a 3.3% slump since March failed to spark a repeat of January’s market turmoil.
The upshot could be gradual yuan depreciation versus the dollar over the coming months, a move that would give China’s export sector a much-needed boost.
While Pimco’s Luke Spajic says the slide will come in fits and starts, he expects the yuan to fall 5% in the year through May 2017. BofA’s David Woo, who sees a similar decline by year-end, calls betting against the yuan his favourite trade.
“If they need to weaken it, they’ll weaken it further,” said Spajic, the Singapore-based head of portfolio management for emerging Asia at Pimco, which oversees about $1.5tn worldwide. “Going forward, we are very firm believers that the currency will be used as part of the toolkit to ease monetary conditions.”
The government’s main instrument for supporting growth - massive credit expansion - has already pushed the boundaries of what economists thought possible.
Aggregate financing increased by 1.63tn yuan ($244bn) last month, topping all 29 forecasts in a Bloomberg survey and adding to a debt pile estimated at 2.5 times gross domestic product. Exports remained a drag on growth in June, sliding 4.8%.
“Beijing’s concerns about too much debt may be constraining its willingness to cut interest rates, and this leaves a weaker yuan as the last resort to support growth,” Woo, head of global rates and currencies research at BofA, said in an e-mail. He predicts the yuan will weaken to 7 per dollar by December, from 6.6700 on Wednesday.
While the New York-based strategist is more bearish than the sell-side consensus, his prediction is less dramatic than those of some hedge fund managers. Kevin Smith, the founder of Denver-based Crescat Capital, sees the yuan dropping at least 20% over the next 12 months and has been adding to wagers against the currency.
Most strategists see a more subdued decline, betting that authorities will avoid a major devaluation at all costs because of its potential to fuel capital outflows and destabilise the financial system. Premier Li Keqiang said on July 22 that China will keep the yuan at a “reasonable” level and never enter a currency war.
The PBoC has signalled that it wants to avoid a pile up of one-way bets on the currency.
The central bank strengthened the yuan’s daily fixing after a dollar gain twice last week, stoking speculation that policy makers wanted the currency to stay stronger than 6.7 per greenback before China hosted a meeting of Group of 20 finance chiefs last weekend.
PBoC Deputy Governor Chen Yulu said at a conference in Beijing on Sunday that officials will “work hard” to keep the yuan stable against a basket of currencies.
The central bank didn’t immediately reply to a faxed request seeking comment on its yuan policy. The yuan added 0.2% to 6.6575 a dollar in Shanghai. “I do not foresee the yuan depreciating sharply,” said Khoon Goh, head of Asia research in Singapore at Australia & New Zealand Banking Group, which predicts a 1.4% drop in the currency by year-end. Authorities still have ample ammunition to prevent a devaluation, including $3.2tn of foreign-exchange reserves and room to implement tighter capital controls if required, Goh said.
Policy makers have avoided the need for major support measures since the yuan began sliding from a three-month high in March, with domestic and overseas investors taking the decline in stride.
That’s a big change from January, when global market turmoil compelled the PBoC to burn through billions in foreign- exchange reserves and squeeze short sellers with higher borrowing costs in Hong Kong.
The yuan’s recent slump “has not caused any disturbances to regional currencies or to broader risk sentiment globally,” said Jason Daw, the Singapore-based head of emerging-market foreign- exchange strategy at SocGen, which advises selling the yuan against a basket of currencies. “It is likely to embolden policy makers to push the limits of depreciation.”