A geriatric and emergency medicine expert at Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC) has cautioned that elderly people are at a higher risk of developing heat-related illnesses and need special care and attention during the hot summer months.
“We urge the public to check frequently on elderly family members, friends or neighbours to make sure they are safe, especially those who are living alone or have chronic medical conditions, mental illness, or difficulty caring for themselves”, said Dr Hanadi al-Hamad, acting chair of Elderly Geriatrics, HMC.  
Dr al-Hamad advised that elderly people may have diminished sensations, especially those who have dementia or diabetes, and may not even be aware they are thirsty or too hot. She explained that even otherwise healthy people can struggle with hot weather because of the physical changes that people undergo as they age.
People of advanced age, especially those aged 65 and above, can rapidly develop serious and life-threatening conditions such as heat exhaustion or stroke. They are also at risk for developing complications to already existing medical conditions. Some medications also increase the risk of heat-related illness, such as diuretics, which encourage fluid loss.  
“As a precaution, elderly people should review their medications with their doctor to determine whether their prescribed medications put them at increased risk of heat-related illness. Their doctor can help safeguard their health during the intense summer season,” Dr al-Hamad explained.
The elderly are also advised to avoid strenuous activity and cautioned to remain indoors, in a cool and well-ventilated environment, between 10am and 4pm daily when the temperature is at its peak.
Furthermore, they are encouraged to stay hydrated and should opt for lighter meals to avoid increasing their body temperature. It is also recommended that the elderly avoid consuming alcohol and caffeinated drinks, including tea, coffee and soft drinks, which can contribute to dehydration. Those with kidney problems should consult their doctors regarding recommended fluid intake.
Symptoms of heat exhaustion can develop both rapidly and slowly. Symptoms can progress over a period of days, so it is important to pay close attention to the well-being of elderly loved ones. Signs of heat exhaustion include hot and dry skin, dizziness, headache, rapid heartbeat, chest pain, breathing problems, rash, cramps, and brown or dark yellow urine, which also suggest dehydration.
If the elderly person is experiencing any of these symptoms, Dr al-Hamad said it is important to help them promptly cool down. She suggests using a wet washcloth or fan, and getting the individual into a cool shower. If medical treatment is required, take the person to their primary healthcare doctor, or the nearest emergency room, for further evaluation.
HMC’s chief consultant of emergency medicine, Dr Warda al-Saad, further cautioned all residents, particularly those who work outdoors, to take precautions and safeguard themselves against heat related illnesses.
“To avoid heat-related illnesses, outdoor workers should increase their water and fluid consumption. They should be drinking before they get thirsty. They should avoid drinking caffeinated beverages as this will help prevent dehydration,” Dr al-Saad said.
Heat exhaustion can lead to heatstroke, which is a life-threatening condition. It is vital to seek urgent professional medical assistance if someone is experiencing signs of heat illnesses.

“We urge the public to check frequently on elderly family members, friends or neighbours to make sure they are safe”