Hong Kong voted yesterday in its first major election since pro-democracy protests in 2014 and one of its most contentious, with a push for independence among disaffected younger candidates and voters stoking tension with China’s government.
The vote is for a 70-seat legislative council in which Hong Kong’s pro-democracy opposition is hoping to maintain a one-third veto bloc in the face of better mobilised and funded pro-Beijing and pro-establishment rivals.
The former British colony was handed back to China in 1997 under a “one country, two systems” agreement that promised to maintain the global financial hub’s freedoms and separate laws for at least 50 years, but gave ultimate control to Beijing.
Long queues formed outside some polling stations as voters flocked to cast ballots for a record number of candidates who fanned out across the city of 7mn on election day.
Much attention focused on a group of about 20 pro-democracy “localists” pushing a more radical, anti-China agenda who could become a fledgling new force in the legislature.
A growing yearning for independence and animosity towards Beijing in the southern coastal city pose one of the central government’s most pressing domestic political issues.
“Hong Kong is really chaotic now. I want to do something to help,” said 28-year-old Maicy Leung, who was in a snaking queue of several hundred. “It’s to help the next generation and to help myself.”
Political analyst Joseph Cheng says he expects new faces in the legislature.
“This election is very much characterised by an inter-generational change of politicians and political leaders,” he told AFP.
One 30-year-old voter who gave her name as Sandy said she favoured independence.
“This is a very critical time ... we are here to ensure a voice can still be heard,” she said.
The stakes for Beijing are particularly high this weekend as G20 leaders gather in the eastern city of Hangzhou for a summit.
Hong Kong’s opposition now controls 27 of the legislature’s 70 seats, giving it a one-third veto bloc to oppose funding and various legislative bills including those it sees as eroding freedoms.
An hour before polls closed 52.57%, or around 2mn registered voters, had cast their ballots, according to government data.
The previous election saw 1.8mn people vote.
At some polling stations voters were still waiting to enter after the official closing time of 10.30pm (1430 GMT), the South China Morning Post reported.
The results are expected early today.
It will give an indication of anti-China sentiment some two years after tens of thousands took to Hong Kong streets to demand full democracy from China’s Communist Party leaders.
A younger generation of activists who joined those protests is openly advocating independence – a push that some people warn could jeopardise Hong Kong’s economic and political future, but which seems to be gaining traction.
A recent Chinese University of Hong Kong poll found around one in six people now support a separation from China.
China’s stability-obsessed leaders have categorically rejected any possibility of independence.
Hong Kong officials are generally supportive of Beijing and keen to preserve “one country, two systems”, though confidence in China’s commitment to the formula has been shaken by recent incidents including the abduction of several Hong Kong booksellers by Chinese agents.
Many residents see the 79 days of student-led “Umbrella Revolution” protests in 2014 as a turning point in the city’s politics even though Beijing gave no ground.
Since then, many disaffected youngsters have decried what they see as increasing Beijing interference to stifle dissent and civil liberties, leading to a radicalisation of the political scene and occasional violent protests and a riot.
In July, six pro-democracy election candidates were disqualified from the election by the Hong Kong government on the grounds that they supported independence, even after some were forced to sign a pledge that Hong Kong is an “inalienable” part of China
“We don’t want our next generation to be slaves of the Chinese Communist Party,” said Edward Leung, one of those disqualified who campaigned for a replacement candidate in an open top bus and addressed cheering crowds of with a loudhailer.
“It’s a revolution of this era,” shouted Baggio Leung of Youngspiration, who was running on Leung’s vacated ticket.
China has launched a multi-pronged campaign to try to sway the vote through its channels of influence including state companies and grassroots patriotic associations.
“It is an open secret that they ... pull strings, they make threats, they plant votes,” said Anson Chan, a former senior Hong Kong official.
The city’s Beijing-backed leader, Leung Chun-ying, rejected suggestions of interference.
“Our election is a democratic one,” Leung told reporters after casting his vote, when an activist threw a tuna fish sandwich at him. 
“Voters have their own free choice and don’t need anyone to tell them how to vote,” he added.
The election build-up has been marred by accusations of fraud, an uncommon occurrence in the city.
Pro-Beijing supporters have been accused of offering financial incentives to potential supporters and bringing in busloads of former Hong Kong residents living in China to vote in the election.
Several voters have claimed their registrations had been tampered with by placing them in districts where they currently do not live.
Hong Kong’s electoral commission guidelines warn people in positions of power and influence, such as employers and teachers, against behaviour that breaches Hong Kong’s corruption laws.
Using force, threats or duress to influence a person’s vote is illegal.